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Dotar
The Dotar, Dutar or Dutor (literally meaning "two strings" in persian), comes from a family of long-necked lutes, closely related to Setar and Tanbur, and could be found throughout Central Asia, Iran, Afghanistan, the Middle East and as far as China.
The Dutar is considered as a national instrument and is the instrument par excellence of the Bakhshis (Trabadours). The technique for playing the Dotar consists of plucking the strings without a plectrum, following a descending and an ascending movement which involves the index and often several other fingers. The music is ornamented by the rapid repetition of notes (tremolo).
Often, in order to fortify the fingers, they are soaked in henna. The left hand at the same time needs much strength and dexterity to perform on the long neck of the instrument. The thumb of the left hand is also sometimes used to create more colorful atmosphere by using octave, fourth or fifth intervals on the second string.
Tonbak (Zarb)
The chief Persian percussive drum, also known as an Earth drum it utilizes an extremely complex method of finger & snapping techniques on a single head to generate a wide range of tonalities.
Daf (frame drum)
Used in Sufi Zikr ceremonies uses a combination of strikes, shakes to create complex rhythmic patterns and is also known to be a sky drum due to it's uplifting & trance inducing qualities.
Riqq
A Middle Eastern tambourine which is especially valued & appreciated for the variety of sounds it can produce & requires an elaborate finger technique for the subtle yet virtuosic manner in which it is performed.
Tanbur
An ancient lute instrument dating back to 2500 years ago as carved on many reliefs’s and is known to be the mother of all lutes. Used all around the world in various forms the Persian Tanbur is Kurdish in origin and is considered to be the most sacred instrument of Iran.
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